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Reproduction in blue-green bacteria is primarily
asexual (e.g., fission, fragmentation). There is
some evidence for bacteria-like conjugation.
Because the cells are prokaryotic, there are no
nuclei, no chromosomes, no mitoses or meioses,
and no mitochondrial or chloroplast double
membranes. Chlorophyll a and phycobilins are the
photosynthetic pigments. Food reserve is glycogen.
Cell wall chemistry is bacteria-like. No cells
within this group are flagellated. A representative
member of the group is Oscillatoria (Fig.1),
a common blue-green with small prokaryotic cells
stacked end-to-end. Most blue-green algae are
planktonic and contribute to lake and ocean
productivity. Some blue-green algae make
significant contributions to global nitrogen
cycling. Some fowl waters in surface
"blooms", while others find their way
into health food stores as dietary supplements.
This group is a very old one, with little apparent
change in morphology over a 2 billion-year period.
There are approximately 1,275 species within the
group.
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